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Cybersecurity Research
  1. References

References

1 “About,” Airus Media, accessed July 3, 2019, https://www.airusmedia.com/about.html.

2 Dan Schiller, *How to Think About Information *(Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2007), 6.

3 Melissa Villa-Nicholas, “The Invisible Information Worker: Latinas in Telecommunications,” in The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Class, and Culture Online, ed. Safiya Umoja Noble and Brendesha M. Tynes (New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2016), 195- 214.

4 Donna J. Haraway, “A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century,” in Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature (New York: Routledge, 1991), 149-181.

5 Brenda Laurel, “Interface Agents: Metaphors with Character.,” in *Human Values and the Design of Computer Technology, *ed. Batya Friedman (Cambridge University Press, 1997), 207– 19.

6 Miriam E. Sweeney, “The Intersectional Interface,” in The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Class, and Culture Online, ed. Safiya Umoja Noble and Brendesha M. Tynes (New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2016), 215–27.

7 Servisbots. “Customer Service Bots.” ServisBOT. Accessed July 14, 2020. https://servisbot.com/customer-service/.

8 “Avatar Applications,” Airus Media, accessed June 17, 2019, http://www.airusmedia.com/virtual-assistant-applications.html.

9 “AVA, First West Coast Airport Virtual Assistant Installed at Historic Long Beach Airport by AirportONE.Com; and She Is Bilingual,” PRWeb, December 10, 2012. https://www.prweb.com/releases/AVA_LongBeach_Hologram/AvancedVirtualAssistant/prweb1 0211408.htm.

10 “FAQ,” Airus Media, accessed July 8, 2020, https://airusmedia.com/ava-faq-s.html.

11 Sean Zdenek, “‘Just Roll Your Mouse Over Me’: Designing Virtual Women for Customer Service on the Web,” Technical Communication Quarterly 16.4 (2007): 397–430.

12 Sheryl Brahnam, Maryianthe Karanikas, and Margaret Weaver, “(Un)dressing the Interface: Exposing the Foundational HCI Metaphor ‘Computer is Woman’,” Interacting with Computers 23.5 (2011): 401–412.

13 Clifford Nass, Youngme Moon, and Nancy Green. “Are Machines Gender Neutral? GenderStereotypic Responses to Computers with Voices,” Journal of Applied Social Psychology 27.10 (1997): 864–876.

14 Miriam E. Sweeney, “Digital Assistants,” in Uncertain Archives: Critical Keywords for Big Data, ed. Nanna Bonde Thylstrup, Daniela Agostino, Annie Ring, Catherine D’Ignazio, and Kristin Veel (Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2021), 155.

15 UNESCO, “I’d Blush if I Could: Closing Gender Divides in Digital Skills Through Education,” UNESCO Digital Library (2019):145. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000367416.page=1;

16 Eva Gustavsson, “Virtual Servants: Stereotyping Female Front-Office Employees on the Internet,” Gender, Work & Organization 12.4 (2005): 400–419.

17 Miriam E. Sweeney, “Digital Assistants,” 155.

18 Miriam E. Sweeney, “The Ms. Dewey ‘Experience’: Technoculture, Gender, and Race,” in Digital Sociologies, ed Jesse Daniels, Karen Gregory, and Tressie McMillian Cottom (Bristol, United Kingdom: Policy Press, 2016), 401–20.

19 Thao Phan, “Amazon Echo and the Aesthetics of Whiteness,” Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience 5.1 (2019): 0–0.

20 Phan, “Amazon Echo and the Aesthetics of Whiteness”

21 Winifred Poster, “The Virtual Receptionist with a Human Touch: Opposing Pressures of Digital Automation and Outsourcing in Interactive Services,” in Invisible labor: Hidden Work in the Contemporary World, ed. Marion Crain, Winifred Poster, Miriam Cherry and Arlie R. Hochschild (Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2016), 89.

22 Jennifer Rhee, The Robotic Imaginary: The Human and the Price of Dehumanized Labor (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2018), 5.

23 Jessa Lingel and Kate Crawford, “Alexa, Tell Me about Your Mother,” Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience 6.1 (2020).

24 Melissa Villa-Nicholas and Miriam E. Sweeney, “Designing the ‘Good Citizen’ through Latina Identity in USCIS’s Virtual Assistant ‘Emma.’” Feminist Media Studies (2019), 1–17.

25 Ibid.

26 “Meet AVA [Brochure],” Airus Media, accessed June 17, 2019, http://www.airusmedia.com/assets/ava-2015-brochure-web.pdf.

27 “FAQ,” Airus Media, accessed July 8, 2020, https://airusmedia.com/ava-faq-s.html.

28 “AVA…the Airport Virtual Assistant,” Airus Media, uploaded November 20, 2011, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYbFM4BFO6M (accessed June 17, 2019).

29 Vicki L. Ruiz,* From Out of the Shadows: Mexican Women in the Twentieth-Century America* (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998).

30 “Latinas Aren’t Paid Fairly- and That’s Just the Tip of the Iceberg,” Lean In, Accessed February 2, 2021. https://leanin.org/data-about-the-gender-pay-gap-for-latinas

31 Ann Garcia and Patrick Oakford, “Unequal Pay Day for Immigrant Women,” Center for American Progress, April 9, 2013, https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/economy/news/2013/04/09/59471/unequal-pay-dayfor-immigrant-women (Accessed January 27, 2021)

32 Cheryl I. Harris,“Whiteness as Property.” Harvard Law Review 106.8 (1993): 1707–91.

33 Ruiz, “From Out of the Shadows,” 12.

34 Ibid, 12

35 Ibid, 7.

36 Ibid, 9.

37 Airus Media, “FAQ.”

38 Neda Atanasoski and Kalindi Vora, “Surrogate Humanity: Posthuman Networks and the (Racialized) Obsolescence of Labor,” Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience 1.1 (2015): 14.

39 Daniel Goldstein and Carolina Alonso-Bejarano, “E-Terrify: Securitized Immigration and Biometric Surveillance in the Workplace,” Human Organization 76.1 (2017): 1–14.

40 “What is E-Verify?,” United States Citizenship and Immigration Services, accessed June 17, 2019, https://www.uscis.gov/e-verify/what-e-verify.

41 Goldstein and Alonso-Bejarano, “E-Terrify,” 1.

42 “Sleep Dealer,” Directed by Alex Rivera. Los Angeles: Maya Entertainment, 2008.

43 Juana Maria Rodriguez, Queer Latinidad (New York and London: New York University Press, 2003),18.

44 Denise A. Segura and Beatriz M. Pesquera. “Chicana Feminisms: Their Political Context and Contemporary Feminisms” In The Latino Studies Reader Ed. Antonio Darder & Rodolfo Torres, (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1998), 196.

45 Leo Chávez, The Latino Threat: Constructing Immigrants, Citizens, and the Nation. (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2008), 71.; Jose Quiroga and Melanie Frank, “Cultural Production of Knowledge on Latina/o Sexualities,” in Latina/o Sexualities: Probing Powers, Passions, Practices, and Policies, ed. Marysol Asencio (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2010), 139.

46 Brahnam, Karanikas, and Weaver, “Undressing the Interface,” 405.

47 Cowie, Capital Moves, 119. ; Devon G. Peña, The Terror of the Machine: Technology, Work, Gender, and Ecology on the U.S.-Mexico Border (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1997).

48 Nakamura, “Indigenous Circuits,” 921.

49 Ibid..

50 Peña, The Terror of the Machine, 92.

51 Ibid, 92-93.

52 Human Rights Watch, “Mexico’s Maquiladoras: Abuses Against Women Workers,” August 17 1996, https://www.hrw.org/news/1996/08/17/mexicos-maquiladoras-abuses-against-womenworkers (accessed June 17, 2019).

53 Melissa Villa-Nicholas, Latinas on the Line: Invisible Information Workers in Telecommunications (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, Forthcoming).

54 Villa-Nicholas and Sweeney, “Designing the ‘Good Citizen’ through Latina Identity”, 3

55 Ginetta E. B. Candelario,“Color Matters: Latina/o Racial Identities and Life chances,” in A Companion to Latina/o Studies, ed. Juan Flores and Renato Rosaldo (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2007), 337.

56 Ngai, Impossible Subjects, 50

57 Arlene Dávila, Latinos, Inc. The Marketing and Making of a People. (Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press, 2012), 112

58 Ibid.

59 Mar Hicks, “Only the Clothes Changed: Women Operators in British Computing and Advertising, 1950-1970.” IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 32.2 (2010): 2-14.

60 Lauren Neefe, “When I talk to Siri.” Flash Readings Podcast. September 6, 2017. http://techstyle.lmc.gatech.edu/flash-readings-episode-4-when-i-talk-to-siri/ (Accessed July 5, 2020).

61 Villa-Nicholas, “The Invisible Information Worker”

62 Jan M. Padios, A Nation on the Line: Call Centers as Postcolonial Predicaments in the Philippines (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2018): 5.

63 Ibid.

64 Villa-Nicholas, *Latinas on the Line. *

65 Oscar J. Martinez, Border People: Life and Society in the U.S./Mexico Borderlands (Phoenix: University of Arizona Press, 1994).

66 Arlene Dávila, Latino Spin. (New York: New York University Press, 2008), 2.

67 Ibid, 12.

68 Frances Negrón-Muntaner, “Jennifer’s Butt,” Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies. 22.2 (1997): 181-95.

69 Dávila, *Latino Spin, 2 *

70 Dávila, *Latinos, Inc *

71 Deborah Paredez, Selenidad: Selena, Latinos, and the Performance of Memory. (Durham: Duke University Press, 2009), 7.

72 Ibid, 7.

73 “AVA in the News,” Airus Media, December 2, 2016, http://www.airusmedia.com/news—press-releases.html.

74 Interestingly, a comparison of the video recording session with the actress reading the scripts for the Latina TSA AVA, and footage of the final holograms, reveals that the AVA hologram is shown with lighter skin than the actress in the original footage. Though it is hard to tell in the video screenings if this disjuncture is a result of lighting or poor recording quality, it seems plausible that the hologram’s skin was lightened purposely for the display. This design choice is consistent with ideologies of whiteness that shape notions of national inclusion through proximity to whiteness. See, “TSA Airport Security Screening Virtual Assistant,” Airus Media, uploaded April 11, 2017, https://vimeo.com/212770681 (accessed June 17, 2019).; “Mel Generic Security,” Airus Media, 2018, https://vimeo.com/251842447 (accessed June 17, 2019).

75 “Patrick Bienvenu Fox 13 interview,” Airus Media, October 3, 2012 https://airusmedia.com/patrick-bienvenu-fox-13-interview.html (accessed, July 3, 2019).

76 Melissa Villa-Nicholas, “Data Body Milieu: The Latinx Immigrant at the Center of Technological Development.” Feminist Media Studies, 20.2 (2019): 300-304.

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